
1. Introduction
More than half of the world’s population now lives in cities. In Europe and North America, this figure is already at about two-thirds, and by 2050, it will be two-thirds worldwide [1]. Urbanization is certainly one of the greatest changes that humanity has experienced. Graz is experiencing high population growth, with around 3000 more people [2]. Infrastructure and housing must match this to keep up with the rapid growth. Brisk building activity can be found in many parts of cities. Urban planners and developers aim to make cities for the residents, make them interesting for visitors, and maintain this status. Here, the residents are given the most important position since they are the ones who live in this environment and shape it the most. Tourists, on the other hand, leave a city after a certain amount of time. The design of cities depends on the expansion of housing options and infrastructure, as well as the important determinants of health, quality of life, and aesthetics. Healthy and happy city dwellers are what a city is made of. Therefore, it is always important to take measures to maintain the health of residents. As social beings, people need contact with others, exchange, and conviviality [3,4,5,6,7].
On the one hand, the current conditions prevent exactly these original human needs. Life in cities has become increasingly isolated, noisy, and hectic in recent years and decades. The trend towards single living arrangements, jobs in individual offices, and the car as the primary means of transportation contribute to this isolation. The contributors to increasing physical and mental illnesses, such as traffic load, noise, poorer air quality, extreme temperatures, and violence, are more common in cities than in rural areas [8,9,10,11,12]. On the other hand, cities offer many structures that make life easier than life in the countryside, which is one reason why cities are experiencing a boom again. The high density of jobs, infrastructure, and leisure activities is in high demand. Therefore, cities with a high quality of life record high …