Author Contributions
Conceptualization, M.A. and G.K.M.M.R.; methodology, M.A., M.H.K. and M.M.R.; software, M.A. and M.H.K.; validation, M.S.A. and G.K.M.M.R.; formal analysis, M.A.A., M.H.K. and H.A.M.; data curation, M.A., M.H.K. and M.A.A.; writing—original draft preparation, M.A. and G.K.M.M.R.; writing—review and editing, M.H.K., G.B., S.M.M.I. and Y.K.G. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Acknowledgments
The authors express their sincere thanks to the Bangladesh Bureau of Educational Information and Statistics (BANBEIS), Ministry of Education for funding to complete this research. The authors also express their sincere thanks to M Sahadat Hossain, Department of Soil Science, Sylhet Agricultural University (SAU), Sylhet, Bangladesh, Md. Meftaul Islam and Md. Harunur Rashid, The University of Newcastle, Australia, for their suggestions to prepare manuscript.
Figure 1.
Map showing composite sampling points in four industrial areas in the Gazipur district of Bangladesh.
Figure 1.
Map showing composite sampling points in four industrial areas in the Gazipur district of Bangladesh.
Figure 2.
Percent increase of heavy metal concentrations compared to the industry establishment year; (a) Cd, (b) Pb, (c) Ni, (d) Fe, (e) Zn, and (f) Cu (in parenthesis year of establishment).
Figure 2.
Percent increase of heavy metal concentrations compared to the industry establishment year; (a) Cd, (b) Pb, (c) Ni, (d) Fe, (e) Zn, and (f) Cu (in parenthesis year of establishment).
Figure 3.
Spatial distributions of (a) chemical (SL) industrial and (b) textile and paints (MIX) industrial area soils.
Figure 3.
Spatial distributions of (a) chemical (SL) industrial and (b) textile and paints (MIX) industrial area soils.
Figure 4.
Spatial distributions of (a) dyeing (CK) industrial and (b) sweater and dyeing (RD) industrial area soils.
Figure 4.
Spatial distributions of (a) dyeing (CK) industrial and (b) sweater and dyeing (RD) industrial area soils.
Table 1.
Mean concentration (mg kg−1) of different heavy metals in industrial contaminated paddy field soils.
Table 1.
Mean concentration (mg kg−1) of different heavy metals in industrial contaminated paddy field soils.
IndustryCdPbNiFeZnCuSL0.46 ± 0.08 b36.70 ± 3.85 c2.42 ± 0.32 b147.65 ± 10.64 a11.27 ± 1.33 a6.88 ± 0.48 aMIX0.72 ± 0.06 a104.20 ± 4.59 a5.02 ± 0.81 a82.31 ± 5.38 c7.29 ± 0.62 …
